Ella Kirshbaum
Mrs. Housley
AP Lit Block 1
7 September 2022
Summer Reading Review: The Scarlet Pimpernel by Baroness Orczy
This summer I read Baroness Emmuska Orczy’s novel The Scarlet Pimpernel. It takes place in 1792, as the newly instated french government continues to put former nobility to the guillotine and a mysterious hero known only as the Scarlet Pimpernel devises clever schemes to rescue the condemned nobles. The protagonist Lady Marguerite Blakeney, a witty and charming favorite, loves her genial and vacuous British husband but ever since he discovered that she unwittingly sent a noble to his death, his affection for her has cooled. When a sinister agent of the new french government appears in England with an ultimatum for Marguerite, she has no choice but to join him in trying to discover the identity of the Scarlet Pimpernel. But when she finds out who the masked hero truly is, she embarks on a journey to save him from imminent peril.
Though this book was written in 1903, and its language is accordingly different from today’s (inane is used many, many times), both the plot and characters are remarkably similar to those present in more recent adventure and romance novels. Considered the origin of the masked hero trope, The Scarlet Pimpernel contains a mysterious hero who is the talk of the town, a woman in love who risks her life to save her husband’s, lots of suspense, and a very exciting conclusion. The overarching structure is almost identical to what one would find in a novel plucked from an airport bookstore. And though the language took a little while to get used to, The Scarlet Pimpernel was just as exciting as more modern adventures.
The book begins with a description of several of the Scarlet Pimpernel’s successful machinations (which are a fun parallel to the denouement of the novel), and immediately the tone of admiration toward the hero’s clever missions is set in contrast to the incompetence of french officials. A reader’s fidelity to the hero is a core element of action novels and through this contradiction of mood Orczy strongly implies, before the reader has even been introduced to a named protagonist, where their loyalties should like. Additionally, by glorifying the rescue of the french nobility, the author presents her novel’s stance on the french revolution: that those who overthrew the french crown are uncivilized villains who took revolution much too far.
One of my favorite techniques that Orczy uses is the way that she hides information from the reader. Using limited third-person narration and a protagonist who begins the book as clueless as the reader, the author leaves one guessing about many things of which the novel’s hero, the Scarlet Pimpernel, is aware. The reader does not know the identity of the masked hero, nor do they know what plans he might have in place to escape from near death. This suspense adds urgency to a book that might otherwise have fallen prey to the adjective-heavy meandering present in other books from the early 20th century, thus detracting from its adventurous plot. However, suspense and action were not the only components of the novel: the more personal plots happening simultaneously with the action were equally compelling. In particular, Marguerite’s desire to win back her husband despite her pride was surprisingly sympathetic, and I found myself eager to find out how their romance would end.
Another fun element of the novel was the motivation behind different characters' actions. Some of them were political–the book’s antagonist, the french agent Chauvelin, is driven completely by loyalty to his country. Some of the motivations were romantic–Marguerite wants to win back her husband, protect the Scarlet Pimpernel, and save her brother, all of whom she cares about deeply. The Scarlet Pimpernel and his cadre’s motivations are by far the most interesting to examine, though: the men–young, rich British nobles–risk their lives out of a combination of boredom with their lives and a desire to be heroic. The complexities of these motivations would be very interesting to explore further.
One unfortunate yet important facet of this book that cannot be overlooked is the sexism and racism present. Books are products of their times, and therefore accurately reflect the sentiments of the author in a specific time. In the case of The Scarlet Pimpernel, there is a disappointing amount of sexism and antisemitism that is central to the plot. Marguerite, despite being a clever and competent heroine, literally hides behind a railing for one of the most important scenes, and then in the climax of the novel manages to trip and reveal herself to a group of men who put her in handcuffs to await the salvation of her husband’s arrival. I was very frustrated by this because she was portrayed as so intelligent and competent at the beginning of the story, but I suppose that in 1903 simply being present for such harrowing adventures was relatively progressive. Similarly, there were multiple Jewish characters who had no personality outside of the stereotypical Jewish traits of greed, cowardice, and moral inferiority. But the worst part was (spoiler incoming) that one of the Jews was actually the Scarlet Pimpernel in disguise, who had covered himself in grime and maintained a slouching posture and a greedy and cowardly manner for hours before revealing himself to be the hero. For antisemitism to be present in a time when it was prevalent is one thing, but for such stereotypes to be a major plot device was upsetting.
Ignoring the “icky” elements of this book, it was a super fun read. Its combination of higher-level language and an engaging plot made it feel like the classier version of a quick beach read. One of my favorite quotes was “the lust of blood grows with its satisfaction, there is no satiety (31),” which in the context of french revolutionaries wanting to chop off the heads of the nobility, perfectly displays the novel's combination of pretty phrasing and engrossing suspense. For anyone looking for an older action novel that was groundbreaking in its genre, The Scarlet Pimpernel is the perfect choice.